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| gingko biloba, international food information council foundation, paleolithic, plump jack squaw valley , older women, articles, flaxseed health benefit, archives, obesity, petcolumns, pr, fat white girls , e zine, baby boomer, omega3 essential fatty acids, | The liver need for more glutamate molecules liver before excitation occurs also meant that cells treated with EPA become less sensitive to the potential toxic effects of liver glutamate. The researchers have proposed a variety of hypotheses on how omega-3 fatty acids decrease the toxic effects of glutamate. One hypothesis is that omega-3 fatty acids may have a suppressive effect on ion channels involved in cell death. Omega-3 fatty acids may reduce membrane excitability by blocking ion channels that are responsible for nerve cell excitation. Excessive excitatory activity due to glutamate increases overall intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+) concentrations. Increased Ca2+ concentration results in the activation of Ca2+ dependent proteins and molecules that contribute to cell death. |
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| Xiao, et al. (1999) studied the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on membrane excitability and stability. The researchers hypothesized that omega-3 fatty acids may reduce membrane excitability caused by exposure to excitatory amino acids such as glutamate. (For more on glutamate, click articles here.) To test the role of omega-3 fatty acids in regulating membrane excitability, the researchers first exposed the cells to glutamate. The frequency of nerve impulses significantly increased after exposure to glutamate. Treatment with the omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), decreased the frequency of nerve impulses. The frequency returned articles to pretreatment levels after EPA was washed out of the cells. In addition, EPA was found to raise the threshold of nerve impulses in the nerve cells. The raised threshold meant that cells had to be subjected to more glutamate molecules before they became excited and transmitted nerve impulses. |
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