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Fish oil feeding has also been shown to improve endothelial function (reviewed by Chin and Dart87) and to increase arterial compliance.88 These effects may be secondary to fish oil’s ability to enhance nitric culinary institute for kids oxide production89 and may be the mechanism by which fish oil elicits a small hypotensive effect. Mechanisms to explain culinary institute for kids the antiatherogenic (inhibition of new plaque development) culinary institute for kids effect of omega-3 fatty acids have recently been proposed.48 For example, EPA and DHA seem to alter the metabolism of adhesion molecules such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Abe et al (1998)90 reported a 9% reduction in soluble ICAM-1 and a 16% reduction in soluble E-selectin but not in soluble VCAM-1 in hypertriglyceridemic subjects receiving 3.4 g/d of highly purified omega-3 fatty acid ethyl esters for 7 to 12 months. There is also in vitro evidence that DHA reduces endothelial expression of VCAM-1 and the expression of E-selectin, ICAM-1, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8 in stimulated cells.91,92
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